Walking-cultivator



(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 1;

S. E. &- J. MORRAL.

WALKING OULTIVATOR.

No. 445,186 Patented Jan. 27, 1891.

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(No Model.) 6 SheetsSheet 4.

S. E. 82: J. MORRAL.

WALKING GULTIVATOR.

No. 445,186. Patented Jan. 27, I891.

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(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 5. S. E. & J. MORRAL. WALKING GULTIVATOR.

No. 445,186. Patented J&n.27,1891.

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 6.

S. E. 827 J. MORRAL.

WALKING GULTIVATOIL No. 445,186. Patented Jan. 27,1891.

T I 5 h 7 12 1 ll: M j s c- NlTE STATES ATENT tries.

SAMUEL E. MORRAL AND JOHN MORRAL, OF MORRAL, OHIO.

WALKING-CULTIVATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 445,186, dated January2'7, 1891.

Application filed September 8, 1890. Serial No. 364,284. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, SAMUEL E. MORRAL and JOHN MORRAL, citizens of theUnited States, residing at Morral, in the county of Marion and State ofOhio, have jointly invented certain new and useful Improvements in-Walkirig-Cultivators; and we do declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to theletters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part ofthis specifica- Men.

Our invention relates to improvements in cultivators.

Our invention relates to that class of cultivators which are mountedupon wheels and having an elevated axle, and which are termedwalking-cultivators.

Our invention consists in certain improvements in the evener ordoubletree and its auX- iliary attachments, by which it is betteradapted for equalizing the draft of the machine and at the same timeobviating side draft, causing each horse in the team to draw his ownplow-gan g also, of an improvement in the spiral springs for easing theplows, they being made adjustable; also, of improvements in attachingand adjusting the shovels, whereby almost complete universal adjustmentof the latter is effected.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of our improved cultivator. Fig. 2 is a topview of the same. Fig. 3 is a detail of the hook-bolt which secures thetongue to the axle. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the axle, tongue,and double tree with their attachments. Fig. 5 is a vertical sectionthrough line .19, Fig. 2, enlarged. Fig. 6 is a view of thedoubletrce-plate from the under side. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of theclevis, with one of the half sections of pintle-sleeve. Fig. 8 is ahorizontal section of one-half of the cleviscoupling. Fig. 9 is a sideelevation of one pair of the pivoted swinging bars which supports theclevis end of plow-beam, the axle being cut away to show the device forpivoting these bars to a block on the latter. Fig. 10 is a rearelevation of the same. Fig. 11 is a side elevation of one of theplow-shovels as attached to its stock.

and rod which extends in opposite directions through the coil of thespring. Fig. 17 is a view from the under side of the cap of the springcoil.

The object of our invention is to equalize the draft, at the same timerequiring each horse to pull his own gang-plow, so as to re lieve thecultivator of side draft; also, to allow the plows to be shifted nearerto or farther from the corn-rows. The clevis ends of the plow-beams aresupported by swinging bars, which latter are pivoted to a clamp-blockattached upon the axle upon each side of the tongue, so as to alloweither one of the plows to be drawn forward of the other withoutchanging the line of draft, as desired. The evener or doubletree is longand is pivoted within a stirrup to a plate under the tongue of thecultivator. The evener is provided with swinging hitch-irons at theends.

These hitch-irons are connected by link-rods with the plow-clevis.Besides these connections a long link-rod connects the plow-clevis withan eyebolt on the doubletree nearer the tongue, so that the pull isdivided between the two points mentioned, thus making an evener of thedoubletree and its hitching attachments, and allowing greater scope tothe movement of these parts.

A is the axle, made, as usual, in a single piece with an elevatedright-angled arch.

B is the tongue, mounted upon the axle and secured thereto by ahook-bolt d at the middle of the latter. Each side of the tongue at theproper distance apart is a clamp-block O clamped upon the axle. Thelower section C of this block C consists of an oblong piece havingparallel sides and grooved lengthwise to allow the lower half of theaxle A to lie therein. From the middle part lateral flanges extend, anda cap O (similar to that over an ordinary journal-bearing) extends overthe axle at the middle part of the clampblock, and is secured by bolts 22, as seen best in Figs. 1, 2, and 9. The lower part of section 0 isformed with a depending lug a at each end, which is recessed outside toreceive the ends of the parallel swinging bars of, by which the clevisends of the plow-beams are supported. By reference to Figs. and it willbe seen that these bars are suspended upon a bolt 1), which extendsthrough the lugs in each clamp-block, and are free to move forward orbackward with the move ment given to the plow-beams D D. Cast upon thecap 0 is a hanger c, which extends toward the rear over each plow-beam.0n the upright of the hanger c is an eye 'i, by which a link-rod (Zconnects it with a loop washer on the ends of the cross-tree f, boltedto the tongueback of the doubletree. The rear end of hanger c has an eye1." formed on it, and is connected with the plow-beam by an adjustablespiral spring H, (a description of which will be hereinafter given,) thelower end of which hooks into an eye back of the clevis. The plows arethus con nected over-the axle with I the draft-bars formed by thedoubletree and doubletree-plate, as well as beneath it, so that thestrain in either direction is brought to bear on these last-named parts.

The clevis O is secured to the lower ends of the pivoted swinging bars aby a crosscoupling I, which allows the plows to be moved up or down orsidewise. This coupling consists of an upright sleeve 4, in twohalf-sections, pivoted upon the two short vertical pintles f,extendinginwardly from the upper and lower limbs of the clevis. Theexterior of this sleeve is angular, preferably of octagonal shape, andis inclosed from either side at the middle part by a sleeve-piece brecessed to fit against it at right angles. This sleeve-piece inclosesthe hub i of the cylindrical end piece 5 of the coupling. A verticalrecess 4* is cut in the piece 5 for the lower end of the bars (L Thesections b and 5 are of general cylindrical form, and a central holethrough section 5 and the upright sleeve 4 admits a bolt 6, whichsecures the ends of bars a to the clevis-coupling. (See dotted lines,Fig. 4E, and also Fig. 8, which latter figure s)hows the sections ofonehalf the coupling.

The clevis C is provided with the usual series of holes n n in the frontpart for the draft-rods. E is the doubletree-plate, which is of castmetal with a raised top surface and depressed on the under side to giveit lightness and strength. It consists of a f ront portion transverselyoblong with circular ends and having a large circular hole in each ofthe latter to reduce the weight. Its rear portion is formed into across-tree f, which extends across the line of the tongue B, and it isbolted to the under side of the latter by bolts a a.

In Figs. 5 and Git will be seen thatabroad flat stirrup e extends acrossthe under side of the evener-plate E, within which the doubletree F ispivoted. A heavy diagonal brace 12 connects the collar 0 on each spindle of the axle with the end of the cross-tree f from each side, and isfastened by a bolt 78, which also passes through the loop-washers 3,over which a nut is screwed down upon them.

The evener or doubletree F is of unusual length, and has each side ofthe plate E, nearly in line with the ends of the cross-tree, an eyebolt7t, depending from the underside. These eyebolts flexibly connect it bylinkrods with one of the upper holes of each clevis. From one of theholes under these, in the clevis, the jointed link-rods h extend fromeach side diagonally outward, and are connected with the vertical limb gof the swinging hiiTChllOllS G. These latter consist of a right-angledtriangular frame of rodiron, the top and outer or vertical bar g beingstraight, and this latter forming the point of attachment for the singletree of each horse, there being holes in it for that purpose. Thesehitch-irons Gr G swing from eyebolts 7x) 711011 the evener F at theirupper angles. The evener F has a swing of about one foot, and as theinner link-rods b are in one piece when one side of the evener is drawnforward the link-rod b on the opposite side pushes against the clevisand forces the swinging bars on that side back, thus requiring eachhorse to pull his own plow to keep both in line. The hitch-irons G havea considerable swing forward before the jointed rods h hare straightenedout, allowing free movement of each horse in the team.

The movements of the evener F are shown in dotted lines, Fig. 2.

Thespiral springs H H are made adjust able. By reference particularly toFigs. 15 and 16 it will be seen that a fiat bar 1' extends up throughthe coil, its lower end havin g a hook 2' formed on it which engages eye11 on the plow-beam. Rod 7, on which the upper hook h is formed, isdoubled and straddles the Hat bar 2' and extends down on either side ofthe latter to the bottom of the coil, where its ends turn outward in theform of hooks 71 71. catching under the lower end of the coil andcompressing the latter as the rod 7 is pulled upward in lifting theplow. A cap j, Fig. 17, having cross-slots w and o in it, allows themovements of bar "6 and rod 7 through it, and is secured to the top ofthe coil by a set-screw 8, which passes through the cap 7' from one sideand engages the edge of bar 2' as seen, Figs. 1 and 15. The spring iscompressed by pulling rod 7 and bar 6 in opposite directions, and thecollar j is secured upon the latter at any point desired in theadjustment. In Fig. 15 the upper and lower ends 0 and c of the coilareshown entire, the rest beingin vertical section. The shovels of thecultivator are fitted with devices for adjustmentin every possibledirection required, as seen by dotted lines in Figs. 11, 12, and 13. Itwill be seen by these that the shovel S is fitted with a long iron loop(1, bolted longitudinally upon the back of and in the middleline of theshovel. This loop is concave (in crosssection) on the rear or outerside, as seen in Fig. 13, and rounded upon the inner or front Side toallowit to beheld on ablock rbythe stirrup-iron s, which latter clampsit to the stock 1). The stock 1) is made of a single piece of flat ironbent in the middle to form the lower end and leaving an open spacepbetween its sides. A block 0*, concave longitudinally and convextransversely on its front face and having straight shoulders fittingagainst the inner edges of the stalk 1), lies upon the latter and hasanupper and lower limb r extending at right angles from each end of theblock back through the opening in the stock, each limb r having a head ton the end to retain it in place on the stock.

hen adjusted in place, the shovel, block, and stock are all clampedfirmly together by the stirrup-iron s, which passes through theloop-iron q, over the block 1" and the stock 3, to the rear of thelatter, between the heads it of limbs r, where it is securely fastenedby a long plate-washer .9, extending across the stock, and nuts u uscrewed against said plate-washer.

The shovel can be adjusted up or down upon the stock (retaining the sameangle to the ground-surface) by simply loosening the nuts 11. u andsliding the block, shovel, and stirrup-iron in the direction desiredtogether on the stock. To throw the dirt toward or from the corn (whileretaining the block r in the same position on the stock) it is onlynecessary to incline the shovel toward either side, as desired, as seenin Fig. 11.

To give the shovel a greater or less angle to the ground-surface, it isloosen ed by unscrewing the nuts u u and its upper end thrown forward orbackward by partial rotation around the loop of the stirrup-iron s as acenter, and sliding the loop-iron q in the concave of block 0", so thatany degree of inclination may be given to the shovel by the meansreferred to, and as shown in the figures.

Ve claim as our invention- 1. In a cultivator, the combination, with theaxle, of clamp blocks, a hanger cast upon the cap of the latter andhaving an eye on the top of the upright for connecting it with thecross-tree, and an arm provided with an eye for connecting it with theplow-beam, substantially as set forth.

2. In a cultivator, the combination, with the axle and the tonguemounted upon said axle, of the swinging plow-beams, a cross-treeconnected with said axle, an evener pivotally suspended under saidtongue and connected with the forward ends of said plow-beams, pivoteddevices supported by said axle, each connected at one end with saidcross-tree and formed with a rearward extension, and coiled springselastically connecting said extensions and plow-beams.

3. In a cultivator, the combination, with the axle and the tonguemounted upon said axle, of swinging plow-beams, a cross-tree connectedto said axle, pivotally-supported divided clamp-blocks surrounding saidaxle, the

upper sections of said clamp-blocks having rearward extensions,connections between said clamp-blocks and cross-tree, and elasticconnect-ions between said extensions and plow-beams.

4. In a cultivator, the combination, with the axle, of the clamp-blocks,a hanger cast upon the cap of the latter, the cross-tree, linksconnecting the hangers and cross-tree, braces connectin g the ends ofsaid cross-tree with collars on the spindles, the swinging bars, theplowbeams pivoted to the latter, and the adjustable spiral springsconnecting said plowbeams and hangers, substantially as set forth.

5. In a cultivatorof the class described, the combination of the tongueof a doubletreeplate, a cross-tree formed on the latter, an evenerpivotal] y suspended under said tongue, the hitch-irons swung from saidevener, the rods b connecting said evener directly with the clevis endsof the plow-beams, and the jointed link-rods 72, connecting saidswinging hitch-irons with the latter, said plow-beams being pivotallysuspended by swinging bars, whereby they are adapted to be controlled bythe movements of said evener, substantially as and for the purpose setforth.

6. In a cultivator, the combination, with the hanger and the plow-beam,of the adjustable spiral spring connectingsaid hanger and the latter,said spring being comprised of the following elements, viz a spiral-wirecoil, a flat bar having a hook formed on its lower end connecting itwith the plow-bean1 and adj ustable within said coil, a doubled wire rodformed into a hook at the doubled end and straddling said flat barlongitudinally and having its ends turned outward and engaging the lowerend of said coil, a cap covering the top of the latter provided withcross-slots to allow it to slide over said flat bar and the hookrod, anda set-screw engaging the edge of said flat bar in said cap, whereby theadjustment is effected, substantially as set forth.

7. In acultivator, the combination, with the tongue and evener, of adoubletree-plate in term ediate of said tongue and said evener andhaving its rear portion formed into a crosstree, whereby it is adaptedfor the attachment of brace-rods connecting it with the axle, and linksconnecting itwith the hanger-bars to strengthen this part of theimplement, substantially as set forth.

8. In a cultivator, the combination, with the clevis and thehangcr-frame, of the cleviscoupling pivoted vertically by means of theopposite pins or pintles, in said clevis-frame, an exteriorly-angularsleeve in two sections inclosing said pintles, and the pivoted blocksclamped upon said sleeve, whereby a series of movements is allowed tothe plow-beams, substantially as set forth.

9. In the clevis-coupling, the combination, with the clevis-frame havingthe inwardly-extending pintles, of the sleeve in two half-sections, thepieces fitting against said sleeve upon either side and having anenlarged hole lIO in each, and the outer piece having a hubincross-section) on the inner or front side and serted in said hole, andthe bolt, substantially concave on the rear or outer side, a stirrupasand forthe purpose hereinbefore set forth. iron, a washer-plate, andnuts, all substani 10. In a cultivator, the combination, in a tially asshown and described. 15 5 shovel-fastening, of the bifurcated shovel- Intestiinonywhereof weaffixoursignatures stock, a shovel-block having aconcave forthe inner edges of said stock and two headed JOHN MORRAL.limbs extending into the opening in said stock IO and adapted to beadjusted up or down there- Witnesses:

W. W. MORRAL,

n presence of two Witnesses.

1 ward face, straight shoulders fitting against SAMUEL E. MORRAL.

on, a shovel having a loop-iron convex (in Q1. J. MORRAL.

